Computer Newtork
Network Protocol
•Computers commutate with each other
with network protocols
•Protocols are rules governing how
machines exchange data and enable effective communication
•Ex
•When
you call somebody, pickup the phone ensure there is a dial tone, and if there
is then dial the number
•When
driving your car follow obey the rules of the road
•Physical protocol : describes the
medium (wiring), the connections (RJ-45 port), and the signal (voltage level on
a wire)
•Logical protocol : software
controlling how and when data is sent and received to computers supporting
physical protocols
•Example common TCP/IP suite of
protocol
•Web
Communication : HTTP, HTTPS
•E-mail
: POP3, SMPT, IMAP
•File
Transfer : FTP
The osi model
•OSI (Open System Interconnection)
reference model
•A
conceptual framework showing us how data moves throughout a network.
Why was it developed?
•Created
to give us a guide to under how network operate
•It is only a reference model, so
don’t get wrapped up in the details.
•It is not implemented in the real
world, TCP/IP is.
The osi model stack
It’s divide into 7 layer
•Upper layers (host layers)
•Handled by the host computer and perform application-specific functions.
•data formatting
•Encryption
•connection management.
•Lower layer (media layers)
•Provide network-specific functions
•Routing
•Addressing
•Flow control
The osi model visualized
OSI Comunication
Osi model benefits
•Reduces Complexity
•It
breaks network communication into smaller, simpler parts
•Standardizes Interface
•It
standardizes network components to allow multiple vendor development and
support
•Facilitates Modular Engineering
•It
allows different types of network hardware and software to communicate with one
another
•Ensures Interoperable Technology
•Prevents
changes in one layer from affecting the other layer, allowing quicker
development
•Accelerates Evolution
•Provides
for effective update and improvements to individual components without
affecting other components or having to rewrite the entire prototcol
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